• MSN
  • Hotmail
  • More
    • Autos
    • My MSN
    • Video
    • Careers & Jobs
    • Personals
    • Weather
    • Delish
    • Quotes
    • White Pages
    • Games
    • Real Estate
    • Wonderwall
    • Horoscopes
    • Shopping
    • Yellow Pages
    • Local Edition
    • Traffic
    • Feedback
    • Maps & Directions
    • Travel
    • Full MSN Index
  • Bing
  • NBCNews.com
  • TODAY
  • Nightly News
  • Rock Center
  • Meet the Press
  • Dateline
  • msnbc
  • Breaking News
  • Newsvine
  • Home
  • US
  • World
  • Politics
  • Business
  • Sports
  • Entertainment
  • Health
  • Tech
  • Science
  • Travel
  • Local
  • Weather
Advertise | AdChoices
  • Recommended: Why tornadoes seem as if they're suddenly coming one after another
  • Recommended: Curse or coincidence? Scientists study Tornado Alley's past and future
  • Recommended: Curiosity rover drills into second Mars rock
  • Recommended: New laser helps telescope probe distant star cluster

News from the biggest beat in the cosmos, going out 13.7 billion light-years and taking in everything from astronomy to zoology. Join the adventure on Twitter and Facebook!

  • ↓ About this blog
  • ↓ Archives
    • Icons Email E-mail updates
    • Icons Twitter Follow on Twitter
    • Icons Feed Subscribe to RSS
  • Updated
    6
    days
    ago

    Chris Hadfield's 'Space Oddity' is a hit: What's next for space superstar?

    The current commander of the International Space Station, Commander Chris Hadfield, has recorded a David Bowie re-make in space during his five-month shift. NBC's Brian Williams reports.

    By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

    Follow @b0yle


    Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield finished out his five-month flurry of songs, snapshots and social media from outer space with a real doozy: a rendition of David Bowie’s “Space Oddity” that even Bowie is retweeting.

    The music video was months in the making: With Bowie's approval, the song's lyrics were tweaked to reflect Hadfield's return from the International Space Station on Monday aboard a Russian Soyuz craft. "Lock your Soyuz hatch and put your helmet on," Hadfield sings in the video. After showing scenes of Hadfield strumming on his guitar and gazing soulfully out the station's windows, the video winds up with a Soyuz parachuting down to its landing.

    Since "Space Oddity" went up on Sunday, it's been viewed on YouTube more than 2.7 million times.


    The YouTube hit caps off an orbital tour of duty during which Hadfield sent down thousands of pictures via his Twitter account, performed the first original song recorded on the space station, mixed it up with "Star Trek" icon William Shatner and unveiled Canada's new $5 bill. For the past two months, he was doing all this while serving as the station's first Canadian commander.

    "He's brought space back, not just for Canadians but for the world," fellow Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen told NBC News.

    Dreams of space
    Hadfield, 53, began his path to stardom during his childhood on a corn farm in southern Ontario. Watching Neil Armstrong's first steps on the moon in 1969 inspired him to dream of becoming an astronaut when he was 9 years old. He started flying airplanes in his teens, and went on to become a fighter pilot in the Canadian Armed Forces. He's been an astronaut since 1992, and he flew on space shuttle missions in 1995 and 2001.

    Last December, he finally got his shot at a long-term stint in space — and he definitely made the most of the experience.

    Slideshow: The antics and artistry of astronaut Chris Hadfield

    Canadian spaceflier Chris Hadfield has posted incredible pictures of the world from space. He has also explained how to brush your teeth, shave and clip your nails while weightless.

    Launch slideshow

    Hadfield's 28-year-old son, Evan, told NBC News that his father put in several hours a day snapping pictures and sending tweets, in addition to his usual 10-hour work shift aboard the station. "When he wasn't working directly for space station maintenance, or on one of his science experiments, he was doing something with his time to benefit people down here," Evan Hadfield said.

    Evan worked long hours, too, without pay. Over the past five months, he has been managing his father's social-media accounts and taking the lead in getting videos like "Space Oddity" produced. "I work about 16 hours a day, seven days a week," he said. "Last week I worked 19 hours a day. ... I read about 13,000 to 17,000 messages a day, and that's just in the morning."

    "Space Oddity" was a special case, in part due to a tangle of international copyright issues. The Hadfields started working with Bowie and his team, as well as NASA and the Canadian Space Agency, even before the astronaut's launch in December. "It was definitely something we wanted to do," Evan said.

    Why do it? Chris Hadfield hinted at the reasons in a different farewell-to-space video: "Who'd have thought that five months away from the planet would make you feel closer to people?" he asked. "Not closer because I miss them — just closer because seeing this [experience] this way and being able to share it through all the media that we've used has allowed me to get a direct reflection back immediately from so many people. ... It makes me feel like I'm actually with people more, that we're having a conversation. That this experience is not individual, but it's shared and it's worldwide."

    Hansen said all of Hadfield's pictures, videos and tweets could be boiled down to a simple message: "We do live on a spaceship, a spaceship called Earth, and we need to work together to protect it."

    The next chapter
    So what's next? After Hadfield and his two Soyuz crewmates touch down in Kazakhstan, they'll be whisked away in separate directions: Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko will head toward Moscow, while Hadfield and NASA astronaut Tom Marshburn will be flown directly back to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston for medical checks, debriefings, rest and recuperation.

    "We have a lot in store for these guys over a number of weeks," Hansen said. And that's not counting a single tweet.

    It's hard to believe that Hadfield will be out of the social-media spotlight for long. "We've still got a lot of stuff," Evan Hadfield said. There are still lots of photos and videos from his father's spaceflight that have yet to be shared. But not even the Hadfields know how all those visions from outer space will come out, and on what timetable.

    "I don't know, and I don't even want to speculate, because what if I'm wrong?" Evan said. "I hope, I really hope that people take Dad's message to heart and continue it past his return."

    Update for 12:25 p.m. ET May 14: The "Space Oddity" video viewership is up to nearly the 7 million mark, and Hadfield commented on the YouTube phenomenon shortly after his landing in Kazakhstan. "I'm very happy that ... 7 million are interested. It is very interesting and historic to be in space," Reuters quoted Hadfield as saying.

    "It's part of humanity to be in space," Hadfield said in Russian. "What we were feeling, what we were doing there, the music we played, this is a big part of our lives." 

    Follow @CosmicLog

    More about Chris Hadfield:

    • Astronaut's artistry hits warp speed
    • How Canada's top astronaut sees the world
    • Cosmic Log archive on Chris Hadfield

    Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

    This story was originally published on Mon May 13, 2013 7:49 PM EDT

    71 comments

    He's a big hit; if Americans weren't so caught up in the petty partisan politics, they would notice some of the good things going on. I'll bet he is as big a hit in Canada as Psy has become in Korea. If you take the time to read up on Chris Hadfield, you would realize that he indeed is "the right st …

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, space, video, featured, updated, cosmic-log, chris-hadfield
  • 30
    Apr
    2013
    5:04pm, EDT

    Space station skipper gives Canada's new $5 bill an out-of-this-world debut

    Watch the unveiling of Canada's new $5 bill, featuring space station commander Chris Hadfield.

    Watch on YouTube
    By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

    Follow @b0yle


    Canada's new printed-polymer $5 bill has received the country's highest sendoff, altitude-wise, from International Space Station commander Chris Hadfield. Tuesday's currency-unveiling ceremony in space was just the latest in a series of achievements that have drawn attention to Canada's best-known spaceflier.

    Hadfield already has made his mark as a photographer, a musician and composer, and an explainer of outer-space phenomena ranging from crying to vomiting in zero-G. There's a reason why the Bank of Canada turned to him to introduce one of the last currency notes to be converted to counterfeit-resistant polymer: One side of the $5 bill celebrates Canada's contributions to space exploration, including the space station's Canadarm2 and DEXTRE robot.


    "I just want to tell you how proud I am to be able to see Canada's achievements in space highlighted on our money," Hadfield told Canadian officials via a space-to-Earth video link. Hadfield said the pictures played to Canada's strength in space robotics.

    As Hadfield spoke, he plucked a bill from the wall of the station's Destiny laboratory and set it spinning in zero gravity in front of the camera. The other side of the bill has a less spacey theme: It features a portrait of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, who was Canada's prime minister from 1896 to 1911.

    Bank of Canada spokeswoman Julie Girard said the outer-space ceremony was "quite a few months in the making." The polymer note was flown up to the space station with Hadfield back in December, and held in reserve for Tuesday's ceremony. "We wanted to be the first to unveil a bank note in space," she told NBC News.

    Bank of Canada

    This rendition of the Canadian $5 bill shows Canadarm2 and DEXTRE in more detail. The bank note is to be issued in November.

    Canada's new $10 note, which commemorates the country's rail system, was unveiled at the same time in Ottawa. The $5 and $10 bills will complete Canada's conversion to polymer-based currency, tricked up with transparent areas and hologram markings to make them harder to counterfeit. The Bank of Canada says these notes should last two to three times longer than the country's cotton-based paper bank notes — and when they wear out, they can be traded in and recycled.

    The new notes won't be rolled out to the Canadian public until November. That'll provide enough lead time for training clerks and law enforcement officials to get familiar with the bills. Hadfield will be back on Earth long before November: He's due to get on board the next Soyuz capsule leaving the station on May 14, alongside NASA's Tom Marshburn and Russia's Roman Romanenko.

    So what happens to Hadfield's $5 bill? Girard said the astronaut will bring the note down with him, and it will eventually be put on exhibit at the Bank of Canada's currency museum.

    Several of Hadfield's priceless photographs of Earth from space are already on exhibit in our latest Month in Space Pictures slideshow. Check out the pictures, plus this bonus 3-D picture of Mars from NASA's Curiosity rover. The 3-D photo was featured in our "Where in the Cosmos" contest on Facebook. Cosmic Log fan Ryan Meader was the first to report that the mountain featured in the picture is referred to as Mount Sharp (by Curiosity's science team) and Aeolis Mons (by the International Astronomical Union).

    Meader says he's a long-time reader: "I think it's fair to say that I'm on the hard-core passionate end of the spectrum — so it was to my great delight that I got the jump on this little contest," he wrote.

    We're delighted to send Meader a free pair of red-blue 3-D glasses, compliments of Microsoft Research's WorldWide Telescope project — and we'll have a few more spectacles to give away in the weeks to come. So click on the "like" button for the Cosmic Log Facebook page and get ready for the next "Where in the Cosmos" contest.

    Slideshow: Month in Space: April 2013

    Chris Hadfield / CSA

    Feast your eyes on an alligator-like mountain range and other curiosities seen from outer space in April 2013.

    Launch slideshow

    NASA / JPL-Caltech

    A stereo image from NASA's Mars Curiosity rover shows the terrain between the robot and Mount Sharp (a.k.a. Aeolis Mons) inside Gale Crater. Wear red-blue glasses to get the 3-D effect, and don't dwell too much on the hardware in the foreground. Trying to focus in on that part of the picture can make you go cross-eyed.

    Follow @CosmicLog

    More about Canada's best-known spaceflier:

    • Chris Hadfield's tribute to Boston bomb victims
    • What happens to a washcloth in space?
    • NBC News archive on Chris Hadfield

    Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with NBCNews.com's stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

    14 comments

    Such beautiful colours to behold!

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, space, nasa, images, featured, iss, cosmic-log, chris-hadfield
  • 13
    Mar
    2013
    10:23pm, EDT

    Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield assumes command of space station

    Chris Hadfield is the space station's first Canadian commander. NBCNews.com's Richard Lui reports.

    By Irene Klotz, Reuters

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield took the helm of the International Space Station on Wednesday, marking only the second time in the outpost's 12-year history that command has been turned over to someone who is not American or Russian.

    "It's a huge honor and a privilege for me, but also for all the people at the Canadian Space Agency and for my entire country," Hadfield, 53, said during a change-of-command ceremony broadcast on NASA TV.


    "Thank you very much for giving me the keys to the family car," Hadfield told outgoing station commander Kevin Ford, a NASA astronaut who is due to depart on Thursday along with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy and Evgeny Tarelkin. "We're going to put some miles on it, but we'll bring it back in good shape."

    Ford, Novitskiy and Tarelkin have been orbiting 250 miles (400 kilometers) above Earth on the station since October.

    Command of the station, a project of 15 nations that has been permanently staffed since November 2000, normally rotates between the two primary partners, United States and Russia. But in May 2009, Belgian astronaut Frank De Winne became the first station commander from the European Space Agency.

    Hadfield, a veteran of two space shuttle missions, is the station's first Canadian commander. He will be part of a three-man skeleton crew until NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy and Russian cosmonauts Pavel Vinogradov and Alexander Misurkin arrive later this month.

    NASA

    Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield juggles tomatoes in zero gravity aboard the International Space Station after unpacking a SpaceX cargo capsule. Hadfield now serves as the station's first Canadian commander.

    Hadfield, astronaut Thomas Marshburn and cosmonaut Roman Romanenko have been aboard the station since Dec. 21. They are due to return to Earth on May 13.

    Among Hadfield's first duties as commander is overseeing the packing and release of the visiting SpaceX Dragon cargo capsule. The capsule, making a second resupply run for NASA, is due to depart the station on March 25.

    Hadfield has taken to Twitter to share his experiences in orbit, firing off short messages and pictures several times a day. His followers now number more than 512,000.

    "My heartfelt congratulations to Commander Hadfield and his family on what is an important milestone for all Canadians," the country's industry minister, Christian Paradis, said in a statement.

    More about Chris Hadfield:

    • Astronaut and musician perform space duet
    • Canadian spaceflier's artistry hits warp speed
    • William Shatner calls fellow Canadian in space

    Copyright Thomson Reuters 2013. Check for restrictions at: http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp

    47 comments

    This event is so much more welcome than the goofy spectacle going on in Rome right now. Humanity is better represented by the great and civilized country of Canada taking the helm of a beautiful scientific achievement rather than a secret election to elect some sexually stunted shaman.

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, space, featured, iss
  • 13
    Mar
    2013
    10:03pm, EDT

    Scientists see ominous decline in Mexico's Monarch butterflies

    Marco Ugarte / AP file

    A monarch butterfly sits on a tree trunk at the Sierra Chincua Sanctuary in Mexico.

    By Mark Stevenson, The Associated Press

    MEXICO CITY —The amount of Monarch butterflies wintering in Mexico dropped 59 percent this year, falling to the lowest level since comparable record-keeping began 20 years ago, scientists reported Wednesday.

    It was the third straight year of declines for the orange-and-black butterflies that migrate from the United States and Canada to spend the winter in mountaintop fir forests in central Mexico. Six of the last seven years have shown drops, and there are now only one-fifteenth as many butterflies as there were in 1997.


    The decline now marks a statistical long-term trend and can no longer be seen as a combination of yearly or seasonal events, the experts said.

    But they differed on the possible causes.

    Who's at fault?
    Illegal logging in the reserve established in the Monarch wintering grounds was long thought to contribute, but such logging has been vastly reduced by increased protection, enforcement and alternative development programs in Mexico.

    The World Wildlife Fund, one of the groups that sponsored the butterfly census, blamed climate conditions and agricultural practices, especially the use of pesticides that kill off the Monarchs' main food source, milkweed. The butterflies breed and live in the north in the summer, and migrate to Mexico in the winter.

    "The decrease of Monarch butterflies ... probably is due to the negative effects of reduction in milkweed and extreme variation in the United States and Canada," the fund and its partner organizations said in a statement.

    Omar Vidal, the World Wildlife Fund director in Mexico, said: "The conservation of the Monarch butterfly is a shared responsibility between Mexico, the United States and Canada. By protecting the reserves and having practically eliminated large-scale illegal logging, Mexico has done its part.

    "It is now necessary for the United States and Canada to do their part and protect the butterflies' habitat in their territories," Vidal said.

    Debate over logging
    Logging was once considered the main threat to the reserve, located west of Mexico City. At its peak in 2005, logging devastated as many as 1,140 acres (461 hectares) annually in the reserve, which covers 193,000 acres (56,259-hectares). But a 2012 aerial survey showed almost no detectable logging, the first time that logging had not been found in detectable amounts since the mountaintop forests were declared a nature reserve in 2000.

    Lincoln Brower, a leading entomologist at Sweet Briar College in Virginia, said in a statement that "the report of the dwindling Monarch butterfly winter residence in Mexico is ominous."

    "This is not just the lowest population recorded in the 20 years for which we have records," Brower said. "It is the continuation of a statistically significant decrease in the Monarch population that began at least a decade ago."

    However, Brower differed on whether small-scale logging, the diversion of water resources and other disruptive activity in the reserves in Mexico are playing a role in the decline.

    "To blame the low numbers of monarchs solely on what is happening north of Mexico is misleading," Brower said. "Herbiciding of soybean and corn fields that kills milkweed is a serious problem, but the historical decline over the past 19 years has multiple causes.

    "All three countries need to face up to the fact that it is our collective activities that are killing the migratory phenomenon of the Monarch butterfly," he said.

    Hidden problems
    Environmentalist and writer Homero Aridjis praised Mexico for progress in reducing illegal logging, but added that "low intensity logging, not detected in satellite image analysis, continues unabated in and near critical overwintering habitats."

    The head of Mexico's nature reserves, Luis Fueyo, said there are still some problem to be solved at the wintering grounds in Mexico, including some small-scale logging and water availability. The Monarchs don't drink any water throughout their long migration until the reach Mexico, and the mountain streams in the area have been affected by drought and human use.

    The migration is an inherited trait. No butterfly lives to make the round trip. The millions of Monarchs cluster so densely on tree boughs in the reserve that researchers don't count their individual numbers but rather measure the amount of forest they cover.

    This winter, the butterflies covered just 2.93 acres (1.19 hectares), down from 7.14 acres (2.89 hectares) last year.

    Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 

    86 comments

    Welcome to the industrial age. Good by planet earth.

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, mexico, environment, science, featured, butterflies
  • 7
    Mar
    2013
    4:18pm, EST

    Scientists say Canada's glaciers are headed for unstoppable thaw

    Sean Kilpatrick via Reuters

    Lowell Glacier rises from waters in Kluane National Park, near Haines Junction in Canada's Yukon Territory.

    By Alister Doyle, Reuters

    OSLO, Norway — Canadian glaciers that are the world's third biggest store of ice after Antarctica and Greenland seem headed for an irreversible melt that will push up sea levels, scientists said Thursday.

    About 20 percent of the ice in glaciers, on islands such as Ellesmere or Devon off northern Canada, could vanish by the end of the 21st century in a melt that would add 1.4 inch (3.5 cm) to global sea levels, they said.

    Governments are trying to understand every possible centimeter of sea level rise caused by global warming, to plan how to protect cities from New York to Shanghai or low-lying coasts from Ghana to Bangladesh. "We believe that the mass loss is irreversible in the foreseeable future," assuming continued climate change, the scientists, based in the Netherlands and the United States, wrote in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.


    Lead author Jan Lenaerts of the University of Utrecht told Reuters that the trend seemed unstoppable because a thaw of white glaciers would expose dark-colored tundra that would soak up more of the sun's heat and further accelerate the melt.

    A total melt of the glaciers would take several centuries. Climate change is warming the Arctic faster than the global average.

    Most past estimates of Canada's glaciers, based on less precise data of their size and melt rates, pointed to a smaller contribution to sea level rise of perhaps three-quarters of an inch (2 centimeters) this century, Lenaerts said.

    The U.N. panel of climate scientists has projected that world sea levels will rise by 7 to 23 inches (18 to 59 centimeters) this century, or more if a thaw of vast ice sheets in Antarctica or Greenland accelerates.

    Canada's glaciers are little-studied and often lumped into the panel's estimates with ice in Alaska, Patagonia, Russia and Svalbard off north Norway.

    "These glaciers are a significant part of the whole equation and of future sea level rise," David Vaughan, head of the ice2sea program for studying global warming based at the British Antarctic Survey in England, told Reuters. "We can't afford to ignore them." Vaughan was not among the authors of Thursday's study.

    "Most attention goes out to Greenland and Antarctica, which is understandable because they are the two largest ice bodies in the world," Michiel van den Broeke, a co-author of the study at Utrecht University, said in a statement. "We want to show that the Canadian ice caps should be included in the calculations."

    The experts used satellite data of the extent of Canadian glaciers over the past decade to work out a model to project their decline. The projection of a 20 percent loss of volume was based on a scenario in which world temperatures would rise by 3 degrees Celsius (5.4 degrees Fahrenheit) this century and by 8 degrees C (14.4 degrees F) in the Canadian Arctic. That's well within most U.N. scenarios.

    Copyright Thomson Reuters 2013. Check for restrictions at: http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp 

    102 comments

    Another VERY CONSERVATIVE estimate. Note that scientists are CONSERVATIVE. They view every choice, they measure every assumption in a very CONSERVATIVE manner. What that REALLY means is that all the dire predictions are CONSERVATIVE and probably LOWER THAN WHAT WILL ACTUALLY HAPPEN - remember every  …

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, warming, environment, science, featured, glaciers
  • 5
    Mar
    2013
    12:46pm, EST

    Need your space? Canadian tour company will sell you a ticket

    XCOR Aerospace

    XCOR Aerospace's Lynx spacecraft is shown launching into space with a science payload on its dorsal side in this artist's illustration.

    By Elizabeth Howell
    Space.com

    Two high-end Canadian tourism companies are adding space to their list of exotic destinations.

    Adventure Travel Company (ATC), in Toronto, and Montreal-based Uniktour will offer amateur astronauts rides on the suborbital Lynx spacecraft under development by Mojave, Calif-based XCOR Aerospace.

    The companies, which offer personalized safaris and the like for well-to-do clients, are acting as agencies for Space Exploration Corp. (SXC). The Dutch marketing firm is selling Lynx tickets on behalf of XCOR, most notably for men's personal care product company AXE.

    SXC Chief Commercial Officer Reinhard Spronk said the move is a nod to the Canadian public's large interest in space, which is partly a result of the media attention paid to the nation's off-Earth robotics program, which contributed the huge Canadarm2 robotic arm and other assets to the International Space Station.

    "Canada is a space-minded country, and many people can afford the $95,000 ticket price," Spronk told Space.com. "(Space) is a lot cheaper than it has ever been." [Inside the Private Lynx Space Plane (Photos)]

    Targeting 2014
    XCOR aims to get the first tourists into its Lynx space plane by the end of this year for high-altitude flights, and then offer regular suborbital flights above 62 miles (100 kilometers) in 2014. Spronk said XCOR has a history of meeting its posted expectations.

    "They're reliable," he said, adding that the vehicle's rocket engines have been tested thousands of times and are ready to be put on the Lynx spaceship. The wings and cockpit will be installed in the coming months.

    Uniktour's president, Philippe Bergeron, places so much faith in the technology that he plans to take the inaugural Uniktour test flight aboard a Lynx spacecraft himself in late 2013.

    "It's the only technology in the world that allows rocket engines to open and shut during the flight," Bergeron told Space.com.

    Uniktour ticket sales opened Feb. 1, and the firm has made two sales. Its primary market is in the Canadian province of Quebec; in the coming months, it will likely expand marketing to France, where a major shareholder is located.

    ATC, which is marketing to the rest of Canada, is entering final negotiations with about a dozen customers since opening sales Feb. 5, Spronk said. More could be coming shortly.

    There's a substantial price difference between the two firms: Uniktour's tickets range between $95,000 and $100,000, while ATC's offerings start at $142,000 Canadian ($141,840 at current conversion rates).

    ATC's package includes a longer hotel stay and training, Spronk explained. Uniktour's clients can buy training separately.

    Ticket sales expanding worldwide
    XCOR is running against rival Virgin Galactic to fly tourists to suborbital space first in the next couple of years. Several Canadians are among the roughly 550 customers who have signed up for a ride on Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo, which will cost $200,000 per seat.

    XCOR's Lynx spacecraft will carry one passenger and one pilot per flight, flying up to four times a day from a conventional space runway. XCOR now has 205 customers standing in line for Lynx flights, Spronk said.

    Sales opened in April 2011, he added, and have accelerated in recent months as the flight date approaches.

    Most of SXC's Lynx clients are in mainland Europe, but the firm will ramp up marketing shortly in their "priority countries" of the United States, China, Russia, Brazil and the United Kingdom.

    XCOR has kept fairly quiet about flight milestones since announcing its marketing partnership with SXC in mid-2012.

    "Space, in a certain era, was something you saw and you were amazed (by), but perhaps you didn't feel like you were really going to be the one to participate in," Andrew Nelson, XCOR's chief operating officer, said in June 2012.

    "But now, we can transfer ourselves into the faces and the names and the sights that we're seeing develop in front of us," Nelson added. "I think it's going to revolutionize the way we view space, the way we approach space, the way we create new industries."

    Follow Elizabeth Howell @howellspace, or Space.com @Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook and Google+.

    • Meet Lynx: XCOR Aerospace's Winged Space Plane (Gallery)
    • Virgin Galactic’s Private SpaceShipTwo Test Flights & Trials
    • Now Boarding: The Top 10 Private Spaceships

    Copyright 2013 Space.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

    Comment

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, space, featured, space-tourism, atc, xcor, sxc
  • 28
    Feb
    2013
    5:37pm, EST

    The Arctic in a pool: Simulator grows sea ice for research

    Feiyue Wang

    Frost flowers are among the ice structures grown at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility in Winnipeg, Canada.

    By Elizabeth Howell
    LiveScience

    This winter, flowers bloomed in the northern Canadian city of Winnipeg. But not the verdant blooms that might come to mind; these were frost flowers.

    The University of Manitoba opened a sea ice simulator last year to see how ice forms on the open water of the frigid poles, and how it affects the local climate and plant life.

    The $1.5 million Canadian ($1.46 million USD) Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility's 30-foot-long (9 meters) pool — the centerpiece of the project — is where the researchers sprinkle salt, water and environmental contaminants, then watch how the sea ice grows.

    The facility runs during the winter, when the outdoor temperature is below 28.9 Fahrenheit (minus 1.7 degrees Celsius), the temperature at which ice forms.

    "The real beauty is we can add (chemical or biological) tracers to it and use the sensors to monitor it in real time," said Feiyue Wang, an environmental chemist who leads the facility.

    Feiyue Wang

    Researchers are looking to simulate Arctic ice with this 30-foot-long pool at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility in Winnipeg.

    "As an experimental scientist, I always like to do control experiments. What if we hold some variables constant? What if we change them? You can't do that in the Arctic," Wang told OurAmazingPlanet.

    Ice experiments
    Frost flowers are one of the types of ice they can grow at the facility. These structures form around salt on the surface of the ice, and host a wealth of microbes that can survive in harsh Arctic environments. Previous research found that they contain far more salt than the surrounding waters.

    "If they can concentrate salt, they can concentrate other chemicals in seawater," Wang said, adding that pollutants would be among the chemicals.

    The challenge is trying to track down these structures. In the isolated north, scientists rely on remote sensing from satellites to take their research vessel to the correct location. However, it's difficult to pick out the frost flowers from the surrounding ice. [10 Things You Need to Know About Arctic Sea Ice]

    Sara Wang

    Researchers collect frost flowers for chemical analysis at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility.

    At the facility last year, the researchers watched frost flowers over three days using one particular band of radiation. Their goal was to figure out how to position the sensor to best see the flowers. A paper on the research, led by the University of Manitoba's Dustin Isleifson, will be published in a future issue of the journal Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

    Future plans
    More research papers are forthcoming on acidity in the sea ice environment, as well as how carbon is exchanged with the ice, which would help tease out the effects of climate change from carbon dioxide on the Arctic ocean environment.

    Within the next few years, the researchers aim to enhance their "simulation" by taking a sheet of ice from the Arctic and laying it inside the pool to do controlled bacteria studies.

    The researchers are also laying the groundwork for a facility expansion that would allow them to study oil spills in the sea ice environment. The first concrete step will be to obtain funding, which the researchers are working on now.

    Follow Elizabeth Howell @howellspace, or LiveScience on Twitter @livescience. We're also on Facebook and Google+.

    • On Ice: Stunning Images of Canadian Arctic
    • Image Gallery: Back-Breaking Science at the Earth's Poles
    • North vs. South Poles: 10 Wild Differences

    Copyright 2013 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

    2 comments

    They don't call it Winterpeg for nothing

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, pool, simulator, winnipeg, featured, sea-ice-environmental-research-facility
  • 22
    Feb
    2013
    12:08pm, EST

    Canada rivaled tropics in diversity -- 50 million years ago

    S. Bruce Archibald

    A fossilized fungus gnat from Driftwood Canyon, Canada. The fly is only a few millimeters long.

    By Stephanie Pappas
    LiveScience

    Fifty million years ago, cool temperatures predominated in western Canada. But new research finds that species in the region were once as diverse as in a modern tropical rain forest.

    The reason, according to the new study, is that the temperate regions of the globe once lacked seasons, just as the tropics do today. The findings suggest that although the incredible wealth of life in the modern tropics seems like an outlier now, it is actually the rest of the world that's gone wonky.

    "We're living in a time of truncated global biodiversity," study researcher S. Bruce Archibald, a paleontologist at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia told LiveScience.

    Seasons and diversity
    The study looked at a type of diversity dubbed "beta diversity." This is the difference in species from place to place. Consider a patch of African savanna where zebras, lions and wildebeests live. Now compare that with an area of tropical rain forest that's home to howler monkeys, centipedes and poison dart frogs.

    In this simplified example, each area is home to only three species, so they are equal in what is called "alpha diversity," or species richness in a certain spot. But the beta diversity between this hypothetical savanna and the rain forest is high — not a single species overlaps. [Image Gallery: Borneo's Quirky Species]

    The tropics are known for high alpha diversity, with many species sharing space. But mountainous tropical regions also have very high beta diversity. Two neighboring valleys, separated by only a mile and a mountain ridge, might look like entirely different ecosystems. In temperate zones, mountainous regions tend to have much less beta diversity.

    In the 1960s, an ecologist named Daniel Janzen of the University of Pennsylvania came up with a theory to explain why the mountainous tropics were so high in beta diversity. The key was seasonality. In the tropics, temperatures hold fairly steady year-round. A beetle that lives in Valley A may try to climb the slope out of its habitat, but it will soon hit high mountain passes with temperatures its body can't handle and die before reaching Valley B. Thus, ecosystems are effectively walled off from one another. (Isolation is a strong driver of evolution. Similar geographical and ecological barriers could have caused dinosaur diversity to explode about 75 million years ago.)

    In temperate zones, seasons cause temperatures to vary at different elevations considerably. A beetle trying to reach the next valley over in the Rockies will likely be able to find some time of year when the mountain passes aren't too cold or too hot to make the journey.

    Ancient diversity
    These days, temperate climes and seasons tend to go hand-in-hand. But that wasn't always the case. During the Eocene period about 50 million years ago, Earth's climate was warmer on average, but also less seasonal. Tropics-style year-round stability stretched all the way to the Arctic.

    In what is now British Columbia, high elevations meant temperatures were cool, not far off from Vancouver's average annual temperatures today. But those cool temperatures held steady throughout the year. This climate history gave Archibald and his colleagues a chance to test Janzen's theory outside the tropics.

    The idea, Archibald said, is that modern-day diversity patterns could be an unusual blip in Earth's history.

    "Maybe the question isn't why there are a whole lot of species in the tropics," Archibald said. "Maybe the question is, 'Why are there so few outside of it?'"

    Fortunately, British Columbia in the Eocene was dotted with mud-bottomed lakes, which happen to preserve insect fossils in amazing detail. The researchers sampled multiple sites in the region and analyzed more than 700 insect fossils, determining their species. [Image Gallery: Intricate Fossil Insects]

    The result was an ancient insect "who's who," revealing what creepy-crawlies lived where, and how much diversity varied from spot to spot — which turned out to be a lot.

    "The overwhelming result was that these communities differed tremendously from site to site," Archibald said.

    That confirms Janzen's hypothesis that it's a lack of seasonality, not latitude or some other factor, that drives beta diversity, he said. What's more, it's more evidence that global biodiversity has dropped since the Eocene, with increased seasonality as the likely culprit.

    The research is basic and focused on reconstructing the past. But the findings have implications for the future, Archibald said.

    "We're obviously entering a time now when patterns of climate are changing and they're changing right around us. We see those effects every day, so it's very important for us to understand how differing climates affect natural communities and species diversity," Archibald said. "We need to have a better grip on that relationship going forward."

    Follow Stephanie Pappas on Twitter @sipappas or LiveScience @livescience. We're also on Facebook and Google+.

    • Image Gallery: One-of-a-Kind Places on Earth
    • No Creepy Crawlies Here: Gallery of the Cutest Bugs
    • Gallery of Fantastic Fossils

    Copyright 2013 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

    1 comment

    I was hoping to find an explanation of why today's weather is so seasonal and it wasn't in the past.

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, featured, tropics, species-diversity, 50-million-years-ago
  • 10
    Jan
    2013
    1:23pm, EST

    11 killer whales free after being 'locked' in ice, mayor says

    It's believed that shifting winds may have broken up the ice that confined the killer whales, who survived by taking turns coming up for air in a hole the size of a pickup truck. NBC's Anne Thompson reports.

    By Miranda Leitsinger, Staff Writer, NBC News

    Eleven killer whales that were “locked in” by ice in a Canadian bay, with only a small area of open water for them to surface, are now apparently free, possibly due to a change in current that helped break open a path to the sea, the mayor of a nearby village said Thursday.

    Follow @mimileitsinger

    Two scouts sent to check on the killer whales around 8 a.m. local time found a passage of water had been created in Hudson Bay all of the way to the open sea – nearly 25 miles away -- and the ice hole that the marine mammals had been trapped in was empty, said Petah Inukpuk, mayor of Inukjuak, a remote Inuit village home to 1,800, in Quebec.

    “They are free. They are no longer here. When there is a new moon, the water current is activated. It could have helped … completely trap them, but in this case it caused an open passage out to the open water,” he told NBC News, adding that they probably were freed overnight. “It was mother nature that helped them. ... They are no longer icelocked.”

    A hunter had found the killer whales, also known as orcas, on Tuesday morning in the bay in northeastern Canada about one mile from shore. Two of the orcas appeared to be adults; the remaining nine were smaller in size, said Inukpuk, 61. Other reports said there were 12 orcas in the pod.


    Canada's fisheries and oceans department said it received confirmation from the community "that winds and tides shifted overnight, opening the ice that had trapped the whales." Two of its scientists were en route to Inukjuak to collect scientific information and work with the community.

    A video taken by villager Clement Rousseau on Tuesday revealed a tough situation facing the killer whales: the water opening appeared to be just large enough for a few of them to surface at a time. 

    “They are in a confined area,” Inukpuk told NBC News on Wednesday, noting then that there was “no more open water.”

    “From time to time, they are in a panic state and other times they are gone for a long period of time, probably looking for another open water (space) which they are unable to find," Inukpuk said. "They keep going back to the same spot.”


    Follow @NBCNewsWorld

    The villagers held a meeting Wednesday night and crafted a plan similar to a rescue performed in 1988 of two California gray whales that got stuck in ice in Alaska. In Operation Breakthrough, which made international headlines and inspired the 2012 film "Big Miracle," Eskimo whalers cut more than a half mile of holes for the whales to travel through on their way to open sea. Two Soviet icebreakers helped by crushing a critical thick wall of ice that blocked their path and freed the animals after 20 days, according to a story on the rescue by the Los Angeles Times.

    Twenty of the Inukjuak villagers were tasked with doing much the same: they were going to remove the broken ice around the area and use chainsaws to enlargen the hole, which was getting increasingly smaller. A neighboring Inuit village had also offered a large chainsaw capable of cutting the ice. The villagers even got offers of help from far afield, including Germany and England.

    "We were prepared to endure it, make their breathing hole bigger and create another breathing hole nearby. Enlarge it, going step by step," he said. "We were prepared to do that method because the closest icebreaker was ten days away … without assistance they would not have made it."

    Clement Rousseau

    Killer whales that were trapped in the ice near Inukjuak, photographed on Jan. 8, 2013.

    A Canadian fisheries official told CBC.ca that some icebreakers were being used in the Saint Lawrence River, where three commercial ships got stuck this week. 

    Geoff Carroll, a wildlife biologist with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game who helped release the two California gray whales, said Operation Breakthrough showed the power of the simpler methods.

    “Our experience up here was that it seemed like the local knowledge and the low-tech approaches to working with the whales were the ones that worked best,” Carroll said. “It seemed like there were lots of high-tech efforts made to get those whales out and they kind of failed one after the other. What really worked was when we got local guys with chainsaws cutting one hole after another and we could kind of walk the whales out that way.”

    There have been reports of other whales getting caught in ice, but it was an anomaly for killer whales -- technically in the oceanic dolphin family -- which tend to hunt around the ice, said Deborah Giles, a graduate student researcher at the University of California, Davis, who has studied killer whales for eight years.

    Giles recalled that one pod of orcas died in 2005 when they were trapped in thick ice, and Paul Wade, a research fisheries biologist at the National Marine Mammal Laboratory in Seattle, noted there have been some other similar cases, too.

    Wade said he watched videos of the pod near Inukjuak online and thought some were engaging in normal behavior -- such as "spyhopping," when adult males shoot straight up out of the water -- while others appeared agitated. He said it looked like the pod included two adult males, several juveniles and female adults or younger adult males. The group was most likely related, said Giles.

    Photoblog: Images of whales that were stuck in ice

    Killer whales are highly social and typically travel in pods numbering from two to 15, though there can be larger groups, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They are most numerous in colder waters, such as Antarctica, Alaska and Norway, although they can also be found in temperate and tropical waters. Different groupings have distinctive whistles and pulsed calls that are thought to be used by them to communicate.

    Inukpuk said killer whales were not spotted in the area every summer, but every second or third one. However, this was the first time that they were "locked in,” he said.

    “Why these whales hung around so long is a mystery,” Wade said. But he added: “Even the types of whales that live in the ice a lot or much closer to the ice more frequently than killer whales -- they make mistakes as well.”

    The winter was unusual this year in that the bay did not freeze up as it normally does at the end of November or beginning of December. There was open water after Christmas but earlier this week it got "really cold," leaving just an area of water the size of a swimming pool open that was getting smaller, Inukpuk said.

    "People here were very much ready to help and it is surprising because the killer whales are (our) competitors for the same species," such as seals, he said. "We were ready to give aid to make sure that they survived until help could come."

    He said they were "very pleased" with the outcome and he had a wish for the pod, too: "I hope they find a good meal and they have a hearty feast because they are probably pretty hungry."

    Eleven killer whales were trapped for days under thick arctic ice in a remote corner of Quebec, taking turns to breathe through a tiny hole.

    More world stories from NBC News:

    • 150 years old and still running late: London Tube reaches landmark
    • Family escapes 'tornadoes of fire' by clinging to jetty for 3 hours
    • Video: How happy is the only country to track happiness?

    Follow World News from NBCNews.com on Twitter and Facebook

    348 comments

    According to NOAA, Orca whale counts in 2011, there are only 240 resident whales (dolphin family) in that region of the world. So 15 Orcas represents about 7% of that areas population. Let us all hope, pray, vision or whatever it takes to save these precious ones. Having seen them many times in the  …

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, environment, orcas, killer-whales
  • 8
    Jan
    2013
    3:59pm, EST

    Astronaut beams down amazing views from space

    Chris Hadfield via Google+

    Australian wildfire: Look closely, you can see the flames from orbit ...

    By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

    Follow @b0yle


    Astronaut Chris Hadfield is making a name for himself as the International Space Station's first Canadian commander, the "Singing Spaceman" and Star Trek skipper William Shatner's Twitter buddy — but he's also one heck of a photographer.

    Since his arrival at the station on Dec. 21, Hadfield has posted more than 100 pictures to Twitter and Google+, most of them showing amazing views of Earth below. Between his official duties and his unofficial Earth-watching sessions, how does he find time to sleep?

    "Yes, I should sleep more on station," he told one follower, "but the view from the window is like a perpetual magnet, too wondrous to ignore."


    The space station's six residents all take turns behind the lens, but some astronauts take the job way more seriously than others: Notable shooters from past orbital stints include NASA's Scott Kelly, Douglas Wheelock, Ron Garan and Don Pettit, as well as Japan's Soichi Noguchi and Dutch astronaut Andre Kuipers. Hadfield is sure to take his place among them.

    His favorite hangout is the seven-windowed Cupola observation deck, which provides an unparalleled view of Earth. His favorite camera? "We use primarily Nikon F2s and F3s, with a variety of lenses," he said on Twitter. "We even take them out on spacewalks, into the hard vacuum."

    To get those awesome pictures of Earth landscapes, he brings out the Big Lens. "The big lens is Nikkor 600 mm, used with a 2-fold converter = 1200 mm," he tweeted. "Available for just US$10,300."

    When you consider that the space station's crew is delivering pictures that no one on Earth can, that seems like a small price to pay. Check out a few of the recent masterpieces from outer space:

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    Chris Hadfield photographing Earth from the International Space Station's Cupola, using the big lens. http://pic.twitter.com/kL9iQdAN

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    Australia: The dryness creates colors and textures that make the Outback immediately recognizable from space. http://pic.twitter.com/0D4lvgJt

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    It's hard to believe the colours of the Bahamas from space. http://pic.twitter.com/0DhYXmel

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    Humans need straight lines, nature doesn't. Indecisive river and orderly farmers, central Asia. http://pic.twitter.com/BIL8Syqw

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    Seattle, WA: Look carefully, you can see Pike Place Market. http://pic.twitter.com/0OFm0iO0

    Chris Hadfield via Twitter

    Glacier tongues in the Himalayas. http://pic.twitter.com/A9xe7AfG

    Correction for 8 p.m. ET Jan. 8: The original headline for this item called Hadfield the space station's skipper, but it's a little too early to call him that. NASA astronaut Kevin Ford is currently the station commander, and Hadfield is a flight engineer. Hadfield will take on the title of commander when Ford heads back down to Earth in March.

    Update for 1 p.m. ET Jan. 9: I've added a link to Hadfield's Google+ page as well as a couple of fresh images, showing the Australian wildfires and a Central Asian landscape.


    Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

    12 comments

    We take so much for granted on this magnificent fragile planet we crawl over each and every day. It is like missing the forest for the trees. Sometimes it isn't until we are given a different view from the normal, that we suddenly sit up . Get a chance to appreciate what it is we have. That my f …

    Show more
    Explore related topics: canada, space, featured, iss, cosmic-log, tech-science

Browse

  • featured,
  • space,
  • science,
  • technology-science,
  • nasa,
  • cosmic-log,
  • livescience,
  • environment,
  • tech-science,
  • mars,
  • images,
  • video,
  • innovation,
  • updated,
  • climate-change,
  • asteroids,
  • moon,
  • new-space,
  • discoverynewscom,
  • iss,
  • russia,
  • physics,
  • curiosity,
  • aurora,
  • dna,
  • antarctica,
  • ouramazingplanet,
  • energy,
  • archaeology,
  • spacex,
  • space-station,
  • china,
  • comets,
  • evolution,
  • planets,
  • sun,
  • saturn,
  • genetics,
  • politics,
  • space-com,
  • northern-lights,
  • dinosaurs,
  • participation,
  • technology,
  • robot,
  • brain
Also
Advertise | AdChoices

Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

Science editor at msnbc.com, author of "The Case for Pluto," winner of the National Academies Communication Award for Cosmic Log in 2008. Alan Boyle covers the physical sciences, anthropology, technological innovation and space science and exploration for msnbc.com. Check out Cosmic Log's archives by following the links below, and see Boyle's full biography at http://bit.ly/boyle-bio

Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News Blogroll

  • Bad Astronomy
  • CollectSpace
  • Cosmic Variance
  • Curmudgeons Corner
  • Discovery News
  • The Daily Grail
  • EarthSky
  • GeekPress
  • Habitable Zone
  • HobbySpace Log
  • LiveScience
  • The Loom
  • NASA Watch
  • NASA Spaceflight
  • Out of the Cradle
  • SciDev.net
  • Science Blog
  • ScienceBlogs
  • Science Quest
  • SciAm Observations
  • Seed Magazine
  • Slashdot Science
  • Space.com
  • Spaceflight Now
  • Space Fellowship
  • The Space Review
  • Transterrestrial Musings
  • Universe Today
  • Unmanned Spaceflight
  • Phenomena
  • Planetary Society Blog
  • Science News
  • Popular Mechanics
  • Popular Science
  • Science Insider
  • NASAEngineer.com
  • EurekAlert
  • Nature: The Great Beyond
  • Space Daily
  • Space Politics
The Case for Pluto
Alan Boyle's first book tells the story of Pluto's ups and downs as well as the discoveries of other dwarf planets in our own solar system and even more alien worlds beyond. Buy "The Case for Pluto" ...

Miranda Leitsinger

Archives

  • 2013
    • May (217)
    • April (324)
    • March (361)
    • February (295)
    • January (193)
  • 2012
    • August (1)
    • June (1)
    • May (4)
    • April (8)
    • March (11)
    • February (39)
    • January (226)
  • 2011
    • December (27)

Most Commented

  • Oldest water on Earth found deep underground (379)
  • Why sign up for a one-way Mars trip? Three applicants explain the appeal (321)
  • Warp speed, Scotty? It may actually be possible... (289)
  • Bigger than an ocean liner, asteroid 1998 QE2 will zip by Earth this month (257)
  • Wheel fails on NASA's Kepler probe, halting its search for alien planets (263)
  • No cellphone, no Wi-Fi: Living in America's quietest place (100)
  • Virgin birth or hanky-panky? Anteater mom sparks a scientific debate (90)

Other blogs

  • The Body Odd
  • Cosmic Log
  • Red Tape Chronicles
  • PhotoBlog
  • US News
  • Open Channel

NBCNews.com top stories

3147,10
© 2013 NBCNews.com
  • Science on NBCNews.com
  • About us
  • Contact
  • Help
  • Site map
  • Careers
  • Closed captioning
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Privacy policy
  • Advertise